Methodological approaches to analyzing emotions

This worksheet aims to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of social attitudes by defining their structural components and analyzing their psychological functions based on Daniel Katz’s functional theory. Students learn to identify how attitudes help individuals navigate social environments, express identity, and maintain self-esteem.

Content and methods:

The worksheet employs a multi-step pedagogical approach, starting with a realistic class chat scenario to prompt initial reflection. It then uses structured multiple-choice tasks to clarify the cognitive, affective, and conative components of attitudes. Finally, the material introduces Katz’s four functions (adaptive, value-expressive, knowledge, and ego-defensive) through a social media-style infographic, requiring students to apply these concepts by categorizing the classmates' statements and reflecting on their own perspectives.

Competencies:

• Definition and differentiation of the structural components of attitudes (ABC-model)
• Analytical application of Katz’s functional theory to real-life scenarios
• Self-reflection and perspective-taking within social contexts
• Critical evaluation of the changeability of attitudes based on their underlying functions

Target group: grades 10 and higher + students of social education

Objective: This worksheet aims to introduce learners to the concept of different dietary options and the basics of restaurant planning.

Content and Methods: It explores the motivations, challenges, and opportunities associated with specific dietary choices. It also covers key aspects of starting a restaurant. Methods include reading comprehension, multiple-choice questions, open-ended questions, and a group activity on restaurant planning.

Competencies:

• Reading comprehension
• Understanding of nutrition and gastronomy
• Planning and teamwork

Target audience and level: Spanish learners at A2 level

ESD:

• SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production): Promoting sustainable consumption patterns in the area of nutrition
• SDG 13 (Climate Action): Raising awareness of the environmental impacts of food

Objective: This worksheet aims to provide students with a basic understanding of genetic engineering and to facilitate a discussion of its advantages and disadvantages, particularly as they relate to fruits and vegetables.

Content and Methods: It explains the basics of genetic engineering and its applications (medicine, agriculture, research). The focus is on genetic engineering in fruits and vegetables, its advantages (pesticide resistance, productivity, nutritional value, climate adaptation), and concerns (environment, health, acceptance, costs). Methods include a prior knowledge assessment, multiple-choice questions, open-ended questions, and expressing an opinion in letter form.

Competencies:

• Reading comprehension of scientific texts
• Critical thinking about biotechnology
• Argumentation and written expression skills

Target audience and level: Spanish learners at B1 level

ESD:

• SDG 13 (Climate Action): Exploring climate adaptation
• SDG 15 (Life on Land): Raising awareness of biodiversity conservation

Objective: This worksheet aims to introduce students to the concept of sustainable tourism and empower them to develop their own sustainable tourism ideas.

Content and Methods: It defines sustainable tourism and its three main pillars (environmental protection, benefits for local communities, and resource management). The situation within a selected city is used as a case study. Methods include reading comprehension, multiple-choice questions, open-ended questions, and a group task to plan a sustainable hotel.

Competencies:

• Reading comprehension
• Understanding of sustainable tourism
• Planning and problem-solving
• Teamwork

Target audience and level: Spanish learners at A2 level

ESD:

• SDG 13 (Climate Action): Raising awareness of environmental protection in the context of tourism
• SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities): Addressing social justice in the tourism sector
• SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production): Promoting responsible resource management in tourism

Objective: The worksheet serves to educate students about the growing phenomenon of artificial intelligence addiction. Students should be made aware of the line between helpful support and compulsive use, reflect on their own behavior, and develop strategies for a healthy balance.

Content and methods: The content covers the concept of AI addiction, typical characteristics of dependency such as loss of control, tolerance development, and withdrawal symptoms, as well as psychological and neurobiological causes. This is supplemented by case studies on problematic and risky use, opportunities and risks of intensive AI application, and strategies for prevention and healthy use in everyday life. The methods include self-tests and self-assessments of one's own usage behavior, explanatory information texts, comparative case analyses, structured reflection phases on warning signs and possible courses of action, as well as creative transfer tasks such as designing rule posters with dos and don'ts.

Competencies:

• Self-reflection skills: Ability to critically evaluate one's own digital usage behavior
• Analytical skills: Identification of psychological warning signs and long-term social consequences of addiction
• Action skills: Development of usage rules and solutions for regaining self-control
• Health competence: Understanding the effects of AI on emotion regulation and general well-being

Target group and level: From grade 8 onwards

Objective: The worksheet raises learners' awareness of the potential of artificial intelligence to promote inclusion and accessibility. The aim is to understand how technological assistance systems can increase the independence of people with disabilities in everyday life.

Content and methods: The content includes an introduction to AI-supported assistance functions for people with disabilities, basic knowledge about this form of disability, typical barriers in everyday life, and ethical issues relating to data protection, accessibility, and the relationship between human and technical support. This is supplemented by practical case studies and the development of students' own app ideas as an application of what they have learned. The methods include the assignment and analysis of specific AI functions, theoretical impulses with hypothesis formation, empathic role-playing, scenario-based case work, creative project work on app design, and structured reflection and discussion phases on ethical aspects.

Competencies:

• Perspective taking: Developing empathy for the realities of life for people with disabilities
• Media and technology skills: Recognizing AI as a tool for assistive technologies
• Problem-solving skills: Transferring technological knowledge to complex everyday obstacles
• Ethical judgment: Critical examination of social conditions

Target group and level: Grade 8 and above

Objective: The worksheet aims to teach learners about the official regulations governing artificial intelligence (AI). The focus is on the risk classification of AI applications, the fundamental rights of citizens and the balance between innovation and protection.

Contents and methods: The first phase of the worksheet serves as a warm-up and uses the method of joint idea gathering. The information text introduces the topic and explains key concepts such as risk assessment, transparency and data security. The methods include text comprehension by selecting the correct statement, classifying specific AI examples with justification, and reflective and creative forms of work such as open questions and designing a poster on the importance of AI regulation.

Competencies:

• Risk assessment: Ability to classify AI applications according to their potential risk to fundamental rights and security.
• Critical thinking: Weighing up the need for regulation in the context of innovation and risk protection.
• Communication: Formulating a reasoned opinion on AI regulation.

Target group and level: Years 8–10 (middle school)

ESD:

• 9: Industry, innovation and infrastructure: The Act aims to promote the responsible development of AI and maintain a balance between innovation and risk protection.
• 16: Peace, justice and strong institutions: The main purpose of the regulation is to protect the fundamental rights of citizens and create a uniform legal framework for AI technologies.

Objective: The worksheet aims to raise learners' awareness of the environmental impact of artificial intelligence (AI). It trains them to critically analyse the energy and resource consumption of data centres in order to develop strategies for the environmental sustainability of AI technology, particularly through the use of renewable energies.

Contents and methods: The worksheet begins with a warm-up on the learners' personal attitudes towards AI and climate change, followed by information about AI data centres in a selected country/city. Learners analyse advantages and environmental risks using text and cause-and-effect analyses. Methods such as group research, perspective changing and decision-making encourage reflection on sustainability and concrete measures for environmental responsibility.

Competencies:

• Sustainability awareness: Understanding the ecological footprint of digital technologies (energy and resource consumption).
• Critical analysis: Weighing technological advantages (climate research, smart farming) against environmental risks.
• Problem solving: Developing concrete strategies to promote energy efficiency and the use of green energy sources for AI.
• Understanding of roles: Making informed political decisions from an environmental policy perspective.

Target group and level: Years 8–10 (middle school)

ESD:

• 12: Responsible consumption and production patterns: This addresses the challenge of raw material extraction (rare earths) and the need for recycling and sustainable procurement.
•  13: Climate action: The text highlights the role of AI in reducing global emissions and in climate research.

Objective: The worksheet aims to teach learners de-escalation and prevention strategies for dealing with violence. It is designed to raise awareness of the causes and forms of violence and to train learners in the ability to act professionally and non-violently in stressful situations.

Content and methods: The worksheet defines violence as the use of physical or psychological means to harm or control others. It identifies stress, overload, and a lack of de-escalation strategies as common causes. Prevention strategies are presented at the individual, team, and institutional levels. The methods include listening to an audio scenario, answering fill-in-the-blank and multiple-choice questions, and creating an infographic in which learners are asked to develop de-escalation and prevention measures in a group setting.

Competences:

• Conflict management: Understanding and applying de-escalation strategies
• Self-reflection: Questioning one's own reactions in emotionally stressful situations
• Problem solving: Developing comprehensive solutions for violence prevention
• Teamwork: Collaborative development of strategies

Target group and level: Trainees in the nursing profession and others interested in deescalation strategies

Objective: The worksheet aims to teach learners about the concept of body image disorder and raise their awareness of the psychological effects of medical changes. It is designed to enable future nursing staff to provide sensitive support to patients experiencing shame, insecurity, and anxiety about their changed bodies.

Content and methods: The worksheet begins with a definition of body image and explains how a disorder develops. It initially focuses on the causes of body image disorders. It highlights the emotional and social effects such as shame and social withdrawal. Solutions such as professional support and self-help groups are mentioned. Learners are asked to summarize the text and answer open-ended questions about the effects of beauty ideals and media representations on body image. An exercise invites learners to reflect on their own body image and write a short letter to their body.

Skills:

• Psychological understanding: Learners understand the complex concept of body image disorder.
• Empathy: They learn to empathize with the emotional situation of patients with stomas.
• Self-reflection: They reflect on their own body image and its influence on their professional attitude.

Target group and level: Students and trainees